ABSTRACT
Objective: To find out the growth in the exclusively breastfed babies of the affluent mothers and to compare the figures with those of the children in the industrialized countries. Methods and materials: Fifty-three babies were selected in 1 year time period for this cross-sectional study under 6-month of age with prefixed criteria, such as exclusively breastfed and not fed with any formula feeding. Recommended schedule of immunization (EPI) was followed to weigh and measure for supine length. Data were analyzed in PC through SPSS and some calculations were done in calculator too. Place and time of work: Data were collected from August 2011 to June 2012 in the Pediatrics Department of Bangladesh Medical College Hospital and the Researcher’s Chamber at Dhanmondi, Dhaka. Results: The data of developed countries showed that in first 3-month of age, children grow in weight 30 gm/day and in length 3.5 cm/month, followed by weight gain of 20 gm/day and linear growth 2 cm/ month in next 3-6 months. Our babies could be compared to those figures, with 33.54 gm/day in the weight gain and 4.17 cm/month in linear growth in the first 3 months. The average weight gain during the next 3 months (3-6 months of age) was 22.3 gm/d and linear growth for this period was 2.12 cm/month. Conclusion: Babies of our country in well-off families can grow optimally in comparison to the growth of the babies in the industrialized countries, or even can exceed, if they are exclusively breastfed and brought up ensuring immunization and follow up in educated mothers.
ABSTRACT
Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is the most common reason for gynecological visits for perimenopausal bleeding and may account for more than 25% of all hysterectomies. Objective: This study was aimed to review the causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal women establishing the correlation with ultrasonographic and histopathological examinations. Study Method: This descriptive study was conducted in the department of gynecology and obstetrics, Ibn Sina Medical College, Dhaka during January to December 2012. Two hundred and eleven women were selected for this study, who admitted into the hospital with abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal age. The clinical, ultrasonographic and histopathological findings of these women were evaluated in this study. Results: Menorrhagia was the major symptom (52.6%) irrespective of age and parity. All these women underwent D&C followed by either medical management or hysterectomy depending upon the diagnosis. The histopathological findings of endometrium were analyzed and confirmed as fibroid uterus (58.28%) and DUB (17.58%) correlated well with transvaginal sonography (TVS) and histopathological examination. Hysterectomy conferred other uterine lesions as adenomyosis (18.71%), endometrial polyp (4.81%) and malignancy (1.06%). Conclusion: Abnormal uterine bleeding in perimenopausal age group is a common but ill-defined entity which needs proper evaluation. Accurate diagnosis of the causative factors of AUB in this age group is of utmost importance so that appropriate management can be established early that leads the minimization of the patients’ sufferings.
ABSTRACT
Background: Endometriosis is one of the common gynaecological problems mostly affecting the women in reproductive age, associated with non menstrual pelvic pain and other symptoms and recurrence of endometriosis is common after medical or even surgical treatment. Objectives: This review is done to assess, whether conservative surgery and adjunctive hor- mone suppression therapy is more beneficiary than surgery alone in the treatment of sympto- matic endometriosis in term of pelvic pain and disease recurrence. Data sources and search method: Searched had been performed on Cochrane Central Register of Controlled trials, MEDLINE, PsycINFO. Journals and reference lists had been also searched. Review methods: Only Randomized controlled trials were included if they compared the effec- tiveness of hormone therapy following conservative surgery with surgery alone or surgery plus placebo in the treatment of symptomatic endometriosis. Outcome data had been analysed by using a Mantel-Haenzel Fixed-effect model to perform meta-analysis and results had been pre- sented as Risk ratio for binary data and Standardised Mean difference for continuous data with 95% confidence intervals. Results: Out of 8 trails pelvic pain was reported in 7 trials. No significant benefit was observed both in pelvic pain recurrence (RR= 0.75, 95% Cl- 0.54 to1.04) and disease recurrence (RR 0.89, 95% Cl 0.53 to 1.49) among 5 trials (481& 447 participants) in favour of surgery and adjunctive hormone therapy. On the other hand another 2 trials (280 participants) showed sig- nificant benefit in pelvic pain score (Std. Mean difference-0.80, 95%Cl -1.05 to -0.55) but con- siderable heterogeneity (I²= 96%) was observed. Conclusion: Women who received Post-surgical hormone therapy in the treatment of sympto- matic endometriosis had no advantages in respect of endometriosis and pelvic pain recurrence in compared with surgery alone.